{"id":20485,"date":"2020-06-23T09:04:24","date_gmt":"2020-06-23T09:04:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.publicknowledge.org\/?post_type=documents&#038;p=20485"},"modified":"2022-10-14T15:08:10","modified_gmt":"2022-10-14T15:08:10","slug":"tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first","status":"publish","type":"policy","link":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/","title":{"rendered":"Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>This paper recommends:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>That platforms only apply in-app purchase rules to genuine app functionality that could otherwise have been a single up-front purchase;<\/li><li>That platforms allow users to \u201csideload\u201d apps but only from recognized developers (under a code-signing system that recognizes multiple certificate authorities);<\/li><li>That platforms follow certain guardrails to ensure the ability of independent app and hardware developers to compete on an even playing field;<\/li><li>That platforms allow archiving, emulation, and transfer of apps and digital content; and<\/li><li>That developers be given more business model flexibility, such as offering traditional free trials of paid apps, and upgrade pricing.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Tending_the_Garden-1.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of Embed of Tending_the_Garden-1..\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-d48a002b-9990-404f-b02c-923ea1ec90bd\" href=\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Tending_the_Garden-1.pdf\">Tending_the_Garden-1<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Tending_the_Garden-1.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-d48a002b-9990-404f-b02c-923ea1ec90bd\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","categories":[18,20],"tags":[14],"class_list":["post-20485","policy","type-policy","status-publish","hentry","category-papers-and-reports","category-pk-thinks","tag-platform-regulation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.5 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First - Public Knowledge<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"App stores provide security, privacy, and trust for users, while giving platform maintainers significant gatekeeper control over the software that users can access, what that software can do, and how it can be monetized. This gatekeeper control can be used to benefit platforms at the expense of independent software developers as well as users.This paper suggests specific measures that should be implemented by dominant app stores to promote consumer rights\u2014reducing the gatekeeper control that app stores inherently have, but not eliminating it.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Public Knowledge\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-10-14T15:08:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/pk_social_logo-2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/\",\"name\":\"Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First - Public Knowledge\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-06-23T09:04:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-10-14T15:08:10+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Policies\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/\",\"name\":\"Public Knowledge\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Public Knowledge\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/pk_social_logo-2.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/pk_social_logo-2.png\",\"width\":400,\"height\":200,\"caption\":\"Public Knowledge\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First - Public Knowledge","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First","og_description":"App stores provide security, privacy, and trust for users, while giving platform maintainers significant gatekeeper control over the software that users can access, what that software can do, and how it can be monetized. This gatekeeper control can be used to benefit platforms at the expense of independent software developers as well as users.This paper suggests specific measures that should be implemented by dominant app stores to promote consumer rights\u2014reducing the gatekeeper control that app stores inherently have, but not eliminating it.","og_url":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/","og_site_name":"Public Knowledge","article_modified_time":"2022-10-14T15:08:10+00:00","og_image":[{"width":400,"height":200,"url":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/pk_social_logo-2.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/","url":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/","name":"Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First - Public Knowledge","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#website"},"datePublished":"2020-06-23T09:04:24+00:00","dateModified":"2022-10-14T15:08:10+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/tending-the-garden-how-to-ensure-that-app-stores-put-users-first\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Policies","item":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/policy\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Tending the Garden: How to Ensure That App Stores Put Users First"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#website","url":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/","name":"Public Knowledge","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#organization","name":"Public Knowledge","url":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/pk_social_logo-2.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/pk_social_logo-2.png","width":400,"height":200,"caption":"Public Knowledge"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/policy\/20485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/policy"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/policy"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/50"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/policy\/20485\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/publicknowledge.org\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}